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VISION workplace violence research and resources

 

This page sets out the research carried out within the VISION socio-economic inequalities thread, led by Professor Vanessa Gash with Dr Niels Blom. The workstream covers violence experienced at work AND violence experienced at home that follows people into work.

 

Summary

Many of us, at some point in our working lives, will experience difficult or harmful behaviours from others, including violence at home or at work. Some people get the support they need to recover. For many others the effects are lasting: damaged health, time out of work, job loss, and long-term financial harm. Yet although violence at work and violence at home are both common, we know very little about what they do to people’s working lives. This research programme sets out to close some of those gaps.

 

The challenges this research addresses

Data gaps

Very few representative datasets record employment and labour market status alongside exposure to violence, so the two are rarely studied together.

Unknown costs

The UK does not currently measure the productivity losses attributed to workplace violence and current costs of domestic violence do not examine the risks of job loss. We show that approximately 4% of victim-survivors of intimate partner violence have lost their job due to this violence, while this is almost 10% for violence by co-workers, and just over 1% of violence by service-users.

Research is siloed with uneven coverage

The vast majority of research on workplace violence is focused on one sector, mostly on health workers’ exposure to service user violence. This is important research but re-enforces sub-sectoral solutions, instead of national strategies.

We therefore examined prevalence across all industrial sectors using a nationally representative data, rather than sector specific samples, which was highlighted as key to research in the field in a recent Editorial.

Similar issues of uneven coverage were apparent in the available literature on the employment consequences of intimate partner violence. We found much of the evidence based on non-representative samples, specific to the United States. These may offer limited insights for different national and cultural contexts, including differences by ethnicity or socioeconomic class. Furthermore, we found limited data on perpetration or systematic analyses of different risks for women and men.

Measuring violence

Understandably, people often do not want to disclose their experiences of violence or abuse, which means survey questions must be designed and tested with great care. Our research showed that survey questions regarding violence exposure, including feeling unsafe, used in the Crime Survey for England and Wales compared to Understanding Society survey, led to some different risk profiles for different groups.

 

The impact of our research

Taken up in evidence to Government and Parliament

Findings on the employment consequences of domestic abuse were presented to the All-Party Parliamentary Group on Domestic Violence and Abuse, the Work and Pensions Committee, and to Home Office Violence Against Women and Girls and domestic abuse teams. The research therefore contributed timely evidence to parliamentary forums regarding workplace support for victim-survivors and safeguarding vulnerable claimants, as well as informing the costings of domestic abuse.

Our findings on the prevalence of workplace violence, its mental health effects, and the employment consequences of intimate partner violence were submitted as part of written evidence to the House of Lords Social Mobility Policy Committee (SMP0044, 2025). The submission drew on the findings to argue that violence is a barrier to social mobility, and to call for better enforcement of existing regulation, confidential reporting channels and access to leave for recovery. This moved the evidence beyond occupational health and criminal justice, and into debates about opportunity and employment policy.

Informing national measurement beyond the UK

Our assessment of the violence measures in Understanding Society and the Crime Survey for England and Wales is cited in Measuring the Prevalence of Adult Sexual Violence in Ireland (ESRI, 2025), an evidence review commissioned by Cuan, Ireland’s statutory agency for domestic, sexual and gender-based violence, and published by the Irish government, to inform the design of Ireland’s forthcoming national prevalence surveys.

A new workplace violence module

Professor Gash is Principal Investigator on a new battery of workplace violence indicators fielded through the Understanding Society Innovation Panel; it will uniquely provide researchers with the ability to examine workplace violence within a longitudinal format on a representative national sample. A programme of working papers follows from it.

Better national measurement

The team proposed amendments to the Understanding Society mainstage adult questionnaire regarding items on harassment and violence, fielded at three-year intervals, to better capture violence at work. These will be adopted from 2028 onwards.

Guidance shaped with people with lived experience

We co-produced employer-facing guidance on workplace violence safeguarding with people who have experienced violence at work, so that what we recommend to employers reflects what victim-survivors say they need.

Fragmented Evidence

Most research on workplace violence is focused on one sector, mostly on health workers’ exposure to service user violence. This is important research but re-enforces sub-sectoral solutions, instead of national strategies. We have shown prevalence across all industrial sectors using a nationally representative data rather than sector specific samples,which was highlighted as key to systemic change (Jaspers, S., Karlsen, I. and Aust, B. (2025) ‘Workplace violence: a complex challenge demanding a systemic response’, Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment & Health, 51(5), pp. 349–354. https://doi.org/10.5271/sjweh.4249).

 

Policy briefs

  1. Gash, Vanessa; Blom, Niels (2026). Criminal Workplace Victimisation, Job Loss and Reporting in England and Wales. City St George’s, University of London. Report. https://doi.org/10.25383/city.32760954
  2. Blom N. & Gash, V. (2026). Examining the Impact of Intimate Partner Violence on Job Loss and Time Off Work. City St George’s, University of London. Report. https://doi.org/10.25383/city.32090710
  3. Gash V. & Blom N. (2024). Violence in the Workplace in the United Kingdom: Business and Individual-Level Exposure. City St George’s, University of London. Report. https://doi.org/10.25383/city.27248124
  4. Blom, N. and Gash, V. (2024) ‘Impact of Intimate Partner Violence on Job loss and Time Off Work in the UK’, UKPRP VISION Policy Brief no.01, Violence and Society Centre, City St George’s, University of London. Violence in the workplace in the United Kingdom – City Vision
    •  The link directly above is for the blog of the 2024 report which was updated in 2026 and that revision is #2.

 

Published academic journal articles

  1. Gash, V, Blom, N. ‘Workplace violence and fear of violence: an assessment of prevalence across industrial sectors and its mental health effects’. Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment & Health 2025;51(5):370-379. https://doi.org/10.5271/sjweh.4230
  2. Blom, N.; Gash, V. Measures of Violence within the United Kingdom Household Longitudinal Survey and the Crime Survey for England and Wales: An Empirical Assessment. Soc. Sci. 2023, 12, 649. https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci12120649

 

Illustrations created by Geisa D’Avo

Anastasia Fadeeva granted NIHR fellowship to study health economics

 

 

Dr Anastasia Fadeeva

 

I have recently started the National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) Development and Skills Enhancement (DSE) Fellowship. The focus of the DSE post-doctoral funding is to support training and development activities while securing salaried time and providing mentorship opportunities. I chose to apply for this NIHR award to develop my expertise and knowledge in health economics, an increasingly important skill in applied health research. NIHR and other funders often require expertise in this area within grant applications.

I was awarded the NIHR grant for 18 months, covering my protected time and training until the end of 2027. During this period, I will undertake an MSc in Health Economics and Policy at City St George’s University of London and also four placements with the Health Determinants Research Collaboration (HDRC) Tower Hamlets, Health Economics Analysis and Research (HEART) and Health Economics Policy Lab (HELP) at UCL, the Health Economics Policy Research Unit (HEPRU) at Queen Mary University of London, and the Violence Reduction Academy (VRA).

I will be supported by two brilliant mentors – Dr Victoria Serra-Sastre, Director of the City Health Economics Centre (CHEC) and Reader in Economics at City St George’s and Dr Ceryl Teleri Davies, NIHR Advanced Fellow based at the Centre for Health Economics and Medicines Evaluation (CHME) at Bangor University. Additionally, I am planning to attend two conferences—the Health Economics Study Group (HESG) Annual Meeting and the HDR UK Annual Conference—which will both be covered by the grant.

At the conclusion of the fellowship, I will have acquired new skills and knowledge in health economics, including a strong quantitative component, and developed the methodological expertise required to apply these approaches in my research. Through the placement opportunities, I will gain practical experience and improve my understanding of how practitioners in local authorities and the NHS operate. Engagement with academics, practitioners, policymakers, and local communities will help me to inform and refine my research priorities, while also allowing me to explore opportunities involving stakeholders throughout the research process.

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5th VISION annual conference: Presentations and illustrations now available

The fifth VISION annual conference was held on 7 July at The Light Auditorium in Friends House. The theme was Violence prevention in dialogue: Research and Policy.

After five years of research looking at violence prevention and the resulting health inequalities and focusing on improved measurement, policy, and practice, and delivering through a strong cross-sector partnership, we showcased our research in partnership with stakeholders Refuge, High Trees, Migrants’ Rights Network, Gloucestershire police constabulary, and Revolving Doors. In addition, we invited those working in violence prevention to critically assess our contributions and identify where further research and prioritised focus are required.

Jo Todd of Respect and Professor Gene Feder, VISION Director, reflected on 25 years of working in violence prevention as frontline practitioners and researchers. Drawing on their extensive experience, they highlighted both the progress made and the challenges that remain. While collaboration between government, academia, and the third sector has improved, longstanding silos—particularly across the health and criminal justice sectors—persist. Overcoming these barriers requires sustained commitment to relationship-building and cross-sector working.

They noted that significant progress has been made in violence prevention policy, including the publication of the government’s Violence Against Women and Girls (VAWG) strategy last year. However, there remains considerable interest in how the incoming Prime Minister will take forward the Labour government’s commitment to halve violence against women and girls within a decade, and what this will mean for future policy, practice, and investment.

Professor Liz Kelly from London Metropolitan University was our 2nd keynote speaker and shared her thoughts on the language and naming of violence in the 21st century. Liz highlighted that  language changes not just what we say but what we know and recognise. The words we use in the field as researchers, analysts, policymakers, officials, and practitioners matter and should be clear and grounded in victim / survivor agency and freedom.

VISION research was highlighted in three symposiums:

  • Insight: Key findings on definitions and measurement within violence prevention
    • Dr Vishal Bhavsar (Kings College London) and Professor Miranda Horvath (University of Suffolk) presented on intimate partner violence perpetration.
    • Dr Madeleine Janickyj (University College London) and Emma Pickering (Refuge) presented on technology facilitated abuse.
  • Inclusion: Violence prevention research with marginalised populations
    • Dr Alexandria Innes (City St George’s UoL), Aya Khedairi (Migrants’ Rights Network) and Professor Gargi Bhattacharyya (University College London) presented on insecure migration status. Andri and Aya discussed their project, Understanding Violence: the risks for migrants with rising far-right fascism and the resulting output, Workbook: Migrant Community Insights on Building Safety. Gargi highlighted how the far right is misusing genuine work and research and that media discussion of VAWG frequently descends into racism and incitement.
    • Dr Annie Bunce (City St George’s UoL) and Lauren Bennett and Anthony Donohoe from Revolving Doors presented their work on developing principles for co-analysis with Lived Experience.
  • Involve: A look at two ongoing, impactful pieces of VISION research with partners
    • Dr Elizabeth Cook (City St George’s UoL) and Harry Jenkins (High Trees) presented their collaborative research developing Built on Trust, a report with youth from Lambeth in London on the role of youth spaces and trusted adults in reducing young people’s exposure to violence.
    • Dr Ruth Weir (City St George’s UoL) and Sophie Jarrett (Gloucestershire Police) presented on their system-wide partnership with central and local government, police, education trusts, and the third sector to understand and prevent teenage relationship abuse (TRA). This work has resulted in the establishment of a national group on TRA and a local group wtihin Gloucestershire.

VISION co-Deputy Directors, Professor Sally McManus (City St George’s UoL) and Dr Estela Capelas Barbosa (University of Bristol) closed the conference by reflecting on the achievements of the VISION consortium and outlining priorities for the future of violence prevention research, policy, and practice. Sally highlighted the wide range of datasets, tools, resources, and publications developed by VISION over the past five years. Looking ahead, Estela emphasised the need for further research on violence affecting LGBTQI+ communities and minoritised women and children. She also stressed the importance of breaking down the persistent silos between the health and criminal justice sectors, noting that the impacts of violence extend across both systems. Effective prevention and support therefore require joined-up services, coordinated policies, and cross-sector collaboration.

Visual artists, Abigail and Chloe Baldwin, from Buttercrumble, beautifully captured the day in a series of illustrations which can be downloaded below along with the keynote and symposium presentations.

We keep each other safe – a guide for migrants in the UK

 

A negative shift in how migrants, including refugees and people seeking asylum, are viewed in the UK has been documented in research, including VISION work, and media. Rhetoric about migration has become more aggressive and emboldened racist demonstrations and attacks on asylum accommodation.

VISION partnered with Migrants’ Rights Network (MRN) to co-develop a research project with migrants that maps experiences of harm and identifies community-led safety strategies. The research centred on two cities, London and Belfast, working with communities who have experience of the asylum system / no recourse to public funds. Through a series of focus groups and workshops, migrants shared their experiences of far-right violence, and how they are already keeping themselves and each other safe. ​

The project brings together MRN’s narrative work, which actively challenges disinformation about migration, while trying to better understand and document the impact of hostile language on people currently in the immigration system.

The key findings and themes​ of the research are:

  • Impact on mental health and change in behaviours ​
  • Role of the state in making migrants unsafe, and low trust in institutions​
  • Everyone is experiencing it, but no one is talking about it​
  • We keep each other safe – what are we already doing, and what else can we do together

These insights coalesced into a free workbook available for downloading on the MRN website. The practical guide is for migrants in the UK co-developed with migrants and migrant-led organisations. It features shared knowledge, scenarios, and messages of solidarity.

To download the free resource: We keep each other safe workbook: Migrant community insights on building safety

For further information on the VISION – MRN collaboration, please see the blog, Understanding Violence: The risks for migrants with rising far-right fascism, written by Aya Khedairi, MRN Community Engagement Manager.

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The Domestic Homicide Review Dataset: A new resource for policy, practice & research

The UKPRP VISION research consortium is pleased to develop and release the Domestic Homicide Review dataset (DHRD) for England and Wales. VISION Research Fellow Darren Cook and VISION Co-Investigator Lizzie Cook (both at City St George’s University of London) compiled structured data derived from publicly available reports from the UK Home Office Domestic Homicide Review (DHR) Library for England and Wales.

The dataset includes linked document-level, incident-level, victim-level, and perpetrator-level records. The release includes four CSV files, alongside a README, codebook, changelog, licence, citation metadata file, and a ZIP archive containing the full release. The dataset is intended to support research on domestic homicide, victimisation, perpetration, vulnerability, mental health, and related criminological and social policy topics.

The initial release includes information on 647 DHR documents made available by the Home Office between December 2022 and March 2026. The dataset is derived from Home Office data, including tagging and filtering categories exposed through the Home Office website. It is not based on manual coding of the full report texts, therefore, users should interpret missing values and untagged characteristics cautiously.

To download the dataset: The Domestic Homicide Review Dataset (DHRD) for England and Wales

To cite: Cook, D., & Cook, E. (2026). The Domestic Homicide Review Dataset (DHRD) for England and Wales (1.0.0) [Data set]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.21648010

Photo by Robert Clark on Unsplash

VISION responds to Parliamentary, government & non-government consultations

Consultation, evidence and inquiry submissions are an important part of our work at VISION. Responding to Parliamentary, government and non-government organisation consultations ensures that a wide range of opinions and voices are factored into the policy decision making process. As our interdisciplinary research addresses violence and how it cuts across health, crime and justice and the life course, we think it is important to take the time to answer any relevant call and to share our insight and findings to support improved policy and practice. We respond as VISION, the Violence & Society Centre, and sometimes in collaboration with others. Below are the links to our published responses and evidence from June 2022.

  1. UK Parliament – International Development Committee – Inquiry: Women, Peace and Security. Our submission was published in March 2026
  2. UK Parliament – Public Bill Committee – Call for evidence: Crime and Policing Bill. Our submission was published in 2025
  3. UK Parliament (Library) – POSTNote – Approved Work: Violence Against Women and Girls in schools and among children & young people. Two VISION reports were referenced in their POSTNote published in August 2025
  4. UK Parliament – Public Accounts Committee – Inquiry: Tackling Violence against Women and Girls (VAWG). Our submission was published in April 2025
  5. UK Parliament – House of Lords Select Committee on Social Mobility Policy – Call for Evidence: Exploring how education and work opportunities can be better integrated to improve social mobility across the UK. Our submission was published in 2025
  6. UK Parliament – Women and Equalities Committee – Inquiry: Community Cohesion. Our submission was published in February 2025
  7. UK Parliament – Call for evidence on the Terminally Ill Adults (End of Life) Bill. Our submission was published in February 2025
  8. UK Parliament – Public Accounts Committee – Inquiry: Use of Artificial Intelligence in Government. Our submission was published in January 2025
  9. UK Parliament – Public Accounts Committee – Inquiry: Tackling Homelessness. Our submission with Dr Natasha Chilman was published in January 2025. See the full report
  10. Home Office – Legislation consultation: Statutory Guidance for the Conduct of Domestic Homicide Reviews. Our submission was published on the VISION website in July 2024
  11. UK Parliament – Women and Equalities Committee – Inquiry: The rights of older people. Our submission was published in November 2023
  12. UK Parliament  – Women and Equalities Committee – Inquiry: The impact of the rising cost of living on women. Our submission was published in November 2023
  13. UK Parliament – Women and Equalities Committee – Inquiry: The escalation of violence against women and girls. Our submission published in September 2023
  14. Home Office – Legislation consultation: Machetes and other bladed articles: proposed legislation (submitted response 06/06/2023). Government response to consultation and summary of public responses was published in August 2023
  15. Welsh Government – Consultation: National action plan to prevent the abuse of older people. Summary of the responses published in April 2023
  16. Race Disparity Unit (RDU) – Consultation: Standards for Ethnicity Data (submitted response 30/08/2022). Following the consultation, a revised version of the data standards was published in April 2023
  17. UK Parliament – The Home Affairs Committee – Call for evidence: Human Trafficking. Our submission was published in March 2023
  18. UN expert – Call for evidence: Violence, abuse and neglect in older people. Our submission was published in February 2023
  19. UK Parliament – The Justice and Home Affairs Committee – Inquiry: Family migration. Our submission was published in September 2022 and a report was published following the inquiry in February 2023
  20. Home Office – Consultation: Controlling or Coercive behaviour Statutory Guidance. Our submission was published in June 2022

For further information, please contact us at VISION_Management_Team@city.ac.uk

Photo by JaRiRiyawat from Adobe Stock downloads (licensed)

VISION researcher receives funding for secondary data analysis

Dr Annie Bunce, Research Fellow at VISION, received funding from the British Association for Counselling and Psychotherapy for her application, Exploring resilience, self-empowerment and wellbeing outcomes of women referred to specialist domestic abuse counselling services.

With the support of Dr Estela Capelas Barbosa, VISION co-Deputy Director, and in collaboration with Sarah Davidge, Head of Membership, Research and Evaluation at Women’s Aid, Annie will investigate whether and how receiving counselling from a specialist domestic abuse (DA) support service is associated with change in wellbeing.

She will analyse quantitative data from national DA charity, Women’s Aid, which includes information on various aspects of victim-survivors’ wellbeing at the start, during, and end of accessing services. Data analysis will reveal whether victim-survivors who receive counselling experience greater improvements in their wellbeing than those who receive other community-based services.

Annie will also examine whether counselling may be associated with greater wellbeing gains for some groups than others, and whether change in wellbeing is associated with the type/s of abuse experienced and other services received.

The analysis will show which factors influence the effect of counselling on changes in wellbeing the most, and which wellbeing indicators are most improved following counselling.

Findings will be shared via an academic report, blog, policy briefing, webinar and conference presentations.

The research will help to improve understanding of the relationship between counselling and wellbeing in the context of DA, feed into Women’s Aid’s ongoing work to ensure they are measuring the things most important to victim-survivors when it comes to their wellbeing and promote consistency in measuring wellbeing-related outcomes across DA services more widely.

Please contact Annie at annie.bunce@citystgeorges.ac.uk for further information.

Image from Adobe Stock subscription.

The establishment of the National Working Group on Teenage Relationship Abuse

Teenage relationship abuse remains one of the least understood forms of domestic abuse, particularly among those under 16 years of age, who fall outside the statutory definition within the 2021 Domestic Abuse Act.

To close the gap between research, policy, and frontline practice and ensure that young people are no longer overlooked, VISION researcher and co-Deputy Director of the Violence and Society Centre at City St George’s, Dr Ruth Weir, co-established the National Working Group on Teenage Relationship Abuse with Gloucestershire Deputy Chief Constable Katy Barrow-Grint in 2024. The group consists of researchers, practitioners, policymakers, third sector organisations, and young people with lived experience of teenage abuse from across the health and justice sectors for a holistic understanding of the problem.

Membership has grown over the two years and now includes the Home Office, Department for Education, the Cabinet Office, the Domestic Abuse Commissioner’s Office, College of Policing, local government (Islington Council), universities (City St George’s, Essex, Lancashire), NHS bodies, multiple police forces such as Thames Valley and the London Metropolitan Police, school trusts, and charities like SafeLives, Respect, Youth Realities, Changing Relations, and Victim Support just to name a few.

The group brings their expertise to shape ongoing national conversations on how teenage relationship abuse is defined, recognised, and responded to, particularly for those under 16.

Please contact Ruth at ruth.weir@citystgeorges.ac.uk for further information.

VISION presenting at the Prevention Research 2026 conference

Nine VISION colleagues have had workshop, symposium and individual abstracts accepted at the upcoming Prevention Research 2026 conference in March. The Population Health Improvement UK and the National Institute for Health and Care Research, in partnership with VISION funder, the UK Prevention Research Partnership, organised the event to explore the latest research and collaborative strategies for preventing non-communicable diseases and reducing health inequalities across the UK. This year’s theme is Connecting Research, Policy, and Practice for Health Equity.

VISION research is interdisciplinary and as such, several colleagues collaborated on symposiums and the workshop. We are partnering with Groundswell, Kailo and PHI UK Population Mental Health as well as the Violence, Abuse and Mental Health Network,  and High Trees Community Development Trust amongst others.

 

Individual presentation

Violence across the life course and physical and mental health trajectories in later life

  • Anastasia Fadeeva, VISION Research Fellow, City St George’s University of London

 

Symposiums

Lessons Learned from Lived Experience Engagement in Violence and Trauma Research

  • Sian Oram, Professor at Kings College London and VISION Co-Investigator
  • Kimberly Cullen, VISION Knowledge Exchange Manager, City St George’s UoL
  • Alicia Stillman, Violence, Abuse and Mental Health Network at Kings College London
  • Polina Obolenskaya, VISION Research Fellow, City St George’s UoL
  • Annie Bunce, VISION Research Fellow, City St George’s UoL

Policy insights from a population understanding of mental health inequalities: using England’s mental health survey series, the Adult Psychiatric Morbidity Surveys (APMS)

Presenters include:

  • Sally McManus, Professor at City St George’s UoL and VISION Co-Deputy Director
  • Elizabeth Cook, Senior Lecturer at City St George’s UoL and VISION Co-Investigator

Centring the voices of young people – Learning from four participatory, place-based approaches to violence prevention

Presenters include:

  • Elizabeth Cook, Senior Lecturer at City St George’s UoL and VISION Co-Investigator
  • Ruth Weir, VISION Senior Research Fellow at City St George’s UoL

Understudied Commercial Drivers of Health: Exploring Industry Practices & Developing a Prevention Research Agenda

  • Presenters include Sally McManus, Professor at City St George’s UoL and VISION Co-Deputy Director

 

Workshop

Using Systems Approaches to Connect Communities and Tackle Complexity in Prevention

  • Workshop leads include Olumide Adisa, VISION Co-Investigator at City St George’s UoL

Anastasia Fadeeva shares thoughts on Data Impact Fellowship placement studying healthy ageing

 

Dr Anastasia Fadeeva

VISION researcher and Data Impact Fellow, Dr Anastasia Fadeeva, has written a personal blog, Reflections from being a Data Impact Fellow: a placement in Japan, about her time in the country visiting universities and discussing healthy ageing.

In the blog, Anastasia reflects on her short-term placement at Chiba University and Kyoto University, meeting fellow researchers interested in population health and a focus on studying the ageing population and promoting healthy ageing.

As a Data Impact Fellow, Anastasia is researching the issues of violence in older age, the long-term impacts of violence on mental health, and the lack of reliable data. The placement to Japan is one component of the fellowship.

For further information, please see VISION member awarded Data Impact Fellow to study violence and mental health in older age to find out more about her fellowship or contact Anastasia at anastasia.fadeeva@citystgeorges.ac.uk

Top photo supplied through Adobe Stock subscription and bottom photo supplied by Dr Anastasia Fadeeva.