The Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Project showed that mental health disorders account for the greatest share of disease burden among survivors of intimate partner violence against females and of sexual violence against children. Economic costings of sexual violence in adulthood is often not costed and tends not to address the longer-term mental health harms despite the strong associations.

In the study, Costing the mental health harms of sexual and physical violence in adulthood: A prevalence-based analysis in England, VISION researchers Sally McManus, Ladan Hashemi, Anastasia Fadeeva, Niels Blom and Estela Capelas Barbosa, with Sylvia Walby, estimated the annual cost of experience of violence throughout adulthood, in terms of reduced quality of life and health service costs.

Data were analysed from multiple sources, including the probability sample Adult Psychiatric Morbidity Survey and service delivery costs. Results showed that the estimated cost of long-term reduced quality of life adults in England experienced because of violence during adulthood was £3767 million in 2019, with associated healthcare costs in that year of £4130 million. Costs of long-term lost quality of life and healthcare were evident in both women and men, although higher in women. Costs associated with combined sexual and physical violence were particularly high, the great majority of these costs resulting from experience of violence in women. Combined sexual and physical violence in women was associated with the highest cost per victim.

Both sexual and physical violence have sizeable and independent associations with long-term mental health and treatment and service use. Violence reduction has potential to reduce health service costs and increase population level quality of life.

Research Highlights

• Economic costings rarely quantify long-term mental health harms of sexual violence in adulthood.
• Both sexual and physical violence are associated with sizeable costs.
• The costs result from long-term mental health harms as well as treatment and service use.
• Most of the mental health related costs of violence fall to women.
• Interventions that reduce violence have potential to reduce health service costs and improve quality of life.

To download the article:  Costing the mental health harms of sexual and physical violence in adulthood: A prevalence-based analysis in England

To cite: Sally McManus, Sylvia Walby, Ladan Hashemi, Anastasia Fadeeva, Niels Blom, Estela Capelas Barbosa, Costing the mental health harms of sexual and physical violence in adulthood: A prevalence-based analysis in England, Public Health, Volume 258, 2026, 106400, ISSN 0033-3506, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.puhe.2026.106400.